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Micronesia, Federated States of |
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Introduction | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Background:
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In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid. |
Geography | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Location:
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Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia |
Geographic coordinates:
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6 55 N, 158 15 E |
Map references:
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Oceania |
Area:
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total: 702 sq km
note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie) water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) land: 702 sq km |
Area - comparative:
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four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only) |
Land boundaries:
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0 km |
Coastline:
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6,112 km |
Maritime claims:
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exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
Climate:
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tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage |
Terrain:
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islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk |
Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m |
Natural resources:
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forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals |
Land use:
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arable land: 5.71%
permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (1998 est.) |
Irrigated land:
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NA sq km |
Natural hazards:
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typhoons (June to December) |
Environment - current issues:
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overfishing, climate change, pollution |
Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Geography - note:
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four major island groups totaling 607 islands |
People | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Population:
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108,143 (July 2003 est.) |
Age structure:
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0-14 years: 38.4% (male 21,163; female 20,335)
15-64 years: 58.5% (male 31,746; female 31,477) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,558; female 1,864) (2003 est.) |
Population growth rate:
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0.04% (2003 est.) |
Birth rate:
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26.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
Death rate:
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5.1 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
Net migration rate:
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-20.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
Sex ratio:
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1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
Infant mortality rate:
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total: 32.39 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 35.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 28.97 deaths/1,000 live births |
Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 69.13 years
male: 67.39 years female: 70.95 years (2003 est.) |
Total fertility rate:
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3.5 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA% |
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA |
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
Nationality:
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noun: Micronesian(s)
adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese |
Ethnic groups:
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nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups |
Religions:
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Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47% |
Languages:
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English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi |
Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.) |
Government | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Country name:
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conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia
conventional short form: none abbreviation: FSM former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) |
Government type:
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constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 November 1986; economic provisions of the Compact are being renegotiated |
Capital:
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Palikir |
Administrative divisions:
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4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap |
Independence:
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3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship) |
National holiday:
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Constitution Day, 10 May (1979) |
Constitution:
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10 May 1979 |
Legal system:
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based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws |
Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal |
Executive branch:
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chief of state: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for four-year terms; election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held NA May 2007); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Joseph J. URUSEMAL elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA% |
Legislative branch:
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unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms; and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms)
elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007); elections for two-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14 |
Judicial branch:
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Supreme Court |
Political parties and leaders:
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no formal parties |
International organization participation:
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ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO |
Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU
telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam) FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 |
Diplomatic representation from the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Larry M. DINGER
embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186 |
Flag description:
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light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern |
Economy | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Economy - overview:
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Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. In November 2002, the country experienced a further reduction in future revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the slow growth of the private sector. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth. |
GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $277 million
note: $277 million $277 million GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2002 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate:
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1% (2002 est.) |
GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2002 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 50%
industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.) |
Population below poverty line:
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26.7% |
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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1% (2002 est.) |
Labor force:
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NA |
Labor force - by occupation:
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two-thirds are government employees |
Unemployment rate:
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16% (1999 est.) |
Budget:
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revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants)
expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.) |
Industries:
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tourism, construction, fish processing, specialized aquaculture, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls |
Industrial production growth rate:
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NA% |
Electricity - production:
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NA kWh |
Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 0%
nuclear: 0% other: 0% hydro: 0% |
Electricity - consumption:
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NA kWh |
Agriculture - products:
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black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens |
Exports:
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$22 million (f.o.b.) (FY 99/00 est.) |
Exports - commodities:
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fish, garments, bananas, black pepper |
Exports - partners:
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Japan, US, Guam (2000) |
Imports:
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$149 million f.o.b. (FY 99/00 est.) |
Imports - commodities:
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food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages |
Imports - partners:
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US, Australia, Japan (2000) |
Debt - external:
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$53.1 million (FY 02/03 est.) |
Economic aid - recipient:
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under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001 |
Currency:
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US dollar (USD) |
Currency code:
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USD |
Exchange rates:
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the US dollar is used 1 |
Fiscal year:
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1 October - 30 September |
Communications | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Telephones - main lines in use:
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11,000 (2001) |
Telephones - mobile cellular:
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newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap |
Telephone system:
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general assessment: adequate system
domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002) |
Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
Radios:
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9,400 (1996) |
Television broadcast stations:
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2 (1997) |
Televisions:
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2,800 (1999) |
Internet country code:
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.fm |
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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1 (2000) |
Internet users:
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2,000 (2000) |
Transportation | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Railways:
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0 km |
Highways:
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total: 240 km
paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1999 est.) |
Waterways:
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none |
Ports and harbors:
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Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen |
Merchant marine:
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none
note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.) |
Airports:
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7 (2002) |
Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 6
1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002) |
Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
Military | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Military - note:
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Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense |
Transnational Issues | Micronesia, Federated States of |
Disputes - international:
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none |